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Development overview and market trend of permanent magnet drive motor industry, analysis of advantages of permanent magnet motor
DateTime：2023-02-16
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In the continuous development of the global permanent magnet motor industry, Japan, Germany, Well-known brand companies in the United States, the United Kingdom, Switzerland, Sweden and other countries rely on their decades of permanent magnet motor manufacturing experience and key process technologies to control most of the high-end, precision, and new permanent magnet motor technologies and products.
For example, in Japan, the permanent magnet motor has high efficiency, quietness, A lot of research and development work has been done on high-performance permanent magnet motors for industrial servos, so they have great advantages in technology. The produced micro-motor equipment has high control accuracy, low power consumption, long life, low cost and small size, etc. Competitive advantage, and also in the forefront of the world in the ranks of technology, occupying most of the world's high-end permanent magnet motor market.
At present, the main permanent magnet motor manufacturer in Japan is Nidec Corporation Japan Asmo Co., Ltd., Japan Denso Co., Ltd., Japan Mabuchi Motor Co., Ltd., etc.
The motor development in the United States is later than Japan. In the United States, the design of induction motors and the development of their control strategies are relatively mature, so electric vehicle drive motors are mainly induction motors. However, the United States has also carried out research on permanent magnet synchronous motors, and the progress is rapid. For example, the permanent magnet synchronous motor developed by SatCon uses the stator double-set winding technology, which not only expands the speed range of the motor, but also effectively utilizes the voltage of the inverter. The winding current is low and the motor efficiency is high. At present, the major manufacturers in the U.S. permanent magnet motor market are Gettys, A-B, I.D, Odawara Automarion, and Magtrol.
However, the development of the permanent magnet motor industry in the United States mainly focuses on military micro In terms of motors, the scientific research and product level of U.S. military micro-motors are in the leading position in the world. Most of the various micro-motors used in military equipment and electronic devices in Western countries are supplied by several major manufacturers in the United States. The U.S. military standard for micro-motors has become an international standard. .
In addition to the United States and Japan, Swiss ABB and Swiss Renault Group , German Xiaochi Company and other companies also have strong competitiveness and occupy a large share of the global market.
In addition, due to the gradual transfer of technology to developing countries, Emerging countries represented by China also occupy an important position in the global permanent magnet motor field. According to the statistics of the Electrical Machinery Industry Association, in 2017, the output of permanent magnet motors in my country exceeded 10 million kilowatts for the first time, reaching 11.071 million kilowatts, becoming the main producer of permanent magnet motors in the world.
First of all, permanent magnet motor has high efficiency, large specific power, high power factor, high reliability and easy maintenance advantages of protection. The frequency conversion speed regulation system with vector control can make the permanent magnet motor have a wide speed regulation range. Therefore, the permanent magnetization of motors has become one of the important development directions of motor drive technology.
Especially in electric vehicle motor drive technology, limited by vehicle space and use environment, electric vehicle motor drive system is different from ordinary electric transmission system, it requires higher performance, volume/weight With higher density and higher ambient temperature, the power electronics and motor technology used for ordinary motor drives can no longer meet their requirements. Therefore, permanent magnetization will become one of the development directions of automotive motors in the future. According to statistics from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, in December 2018, China's new energy passenger vehicles were equipped with more than 160,000 motors, of which permanent magnet synchronous motors accounted for as high as 92.3%.
Secondly, with the improvement of the performance of permanent magnet materials and the improvement of processing technology With the improvement and development of modern control technology, the application of permanent magnet motors in various fields such as industrial and agricultural production, household appliances, medical equipment, aerospace, navigation, and military industry will be more in-depth and show strong vitality.
Finally, with the increasing awareness of power saving and environmental protection, used Permanent magnet motors in the field of energy saving and environmental protection will experience substantial growth. It is foreseeable that the arrival of the low-carbon economy will bring growth opportunities for permanent magnet motors, and ultra-efficient permanent magnet motors and speed-adjustable high-efficiency permanent magnet motors will play a major role in energy conservation and emission reduction.
In recent years, more and more people use permanent magnet motors. What about permanent magnet motors? Because the permanent magnet motor has many advantages, everyone chooses it. What are the specific advantages? Next, let’s talk about the advantages of permanent magnet motors!
1. Good power generation performance at medium and low speeds
In the case of the same power level, at idle speed, the permanent magnet generator is better than the excitation type The output power of the generator is twice as high, that is to say, the excitation generator of the actual power level of the permanent magnet generator.
2. Simple structure , high reliability
The permanent magnet generator eliminates the excitation winding, carbon brush, Slip ring structure, the whole machine structure is simple, avoiding the failure of the exciting generator excitation winding, easy to burn, disconnection, carbon brush, slip ring easy to wear, etc., and the reliability is greatly improved.
3. Can display Prolong battery life on the ground and reduce battery maintenance
The main reason is that the permanent magnet generator adopts a switching rectification and voltage stabilization method. High precision voltage regulation, good charging effect. It avoids the shortening of battery life caused by over-current charging. The open-type rectification output of the permanent magnet generator uses small current pulses to charge the battery, and the charging effect is better with the same charging current, thereby prolonging the service life of the battery.
4. Small size , light weight, high specific power
The use of permanent magnet rotor structure makes the internal structure design of the generator very compact, and the volume , The weight is greatly reduced. The simplification of the structure of the permanent magnet rotor also reduces the moment of inertia of the rotor, increases the practical speed, and achieves a very high specific power (that is, the ratio of power to volume).
5. Use a self-starting voltage regulator
No external excitation power supply is required. The generator generates electricity as long as it spins. When the battery is damaged, the car charging system can still work normally as long as the engine is running. If the car does not have a storage battery, the ignition operation can also be realized as long as the handle is turned or the car is slipped.
6. High efficiency
The permanent magnet generator is an energy-saving product. The permanent magnet rotor structure eliminates the excitation power required to generate the rotor magnetic field and the mechanical loss of friction between carbon brushes and slip rings, which greatly improves the efficiency of the permanent magnet generator. The average efficiency of ordinary excitation generators is only 45% to 55% in the speed range between 1500 rpm and 6000 rpm, while that of permanent magnet generators can be as high as 75% to 80%.
7. No radio interference
The permanent magnet generator has no carbon brush and no slip ring structure, eliminating the need for carbon brushes and The radio interference generated by slip ring friction eliminates electric sparks, and is especially suitable for working in environments with high explosive hazards, and also reduces the generator's requirements for ambient temperature.
8. Especially suitable Suitable for working in wet or dusty harsh environments
Permanent magnet motors have the advantages of the above eight points, so everyone will choose permanent magnet motors. Magneto came to use.
Source: Motor Today
